Main Ref. | Smith, B.D., 2003 |
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Remarks | Found on intertidal rocks (Ref. 799) and in reef areas of lagoons (Ref. 97298) |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Benthic: mobile; Soft Bottom: sand; mud; Hard Bottom: rocky; |
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Substrate Ref. | Springsteen, F.J. and F.M. Leobrera, 1986 |
Special habitats | Beds: rock; Coral Reefs: lagoons; |
Special habitats Ref. | Springsteen, F.J. and F.M. Leobrera, 1986 |
Ref. | Smith, B.D., 2003 |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Taylor, J.D. and B. Morton, 1996 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Taylor, J.D. and B. Morton, 1996 |
Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | 3.44 | 0.54 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. |