Main Ref. | Boden, B.P., M.W. Johnson and E. Brinton, 1955 |
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Remarks | Exhibits mainly carnivorous feeding habit, with trophic level (=3,2) based on δ15N values (Ref. 118314). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Pelagic; |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | Boden, B.P., M.W. Johnson and E. Brinton, 1955 |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Sogawa, S., H. Sugisaki, K. Tadokoro, T. Ono, E. Sato, S. Shimode and T. Kikuchi, 2017 |
Feeding habit | |
Feeding habit Ref. |
Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | 3.00 | 0.32 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. |