Main Ref. | Andrew, N. and M. Francis, 2003 |
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Remarks | Solitary (Ref. 2377). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Benthic: sessile; |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Ivanova, N.Y. and S.D. Grebelnyi, 2016 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Ivanova, N.Y. and S.D. Grebelnyi, 2016 |
Estimation method | original sample | unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | |||||
Ref. |