Ecology of Wrangelia penicillata
 
Main Ref. Norris, J.N. and K.E. Bucher, 1982
Remarks Found on rocky substrates in shallow subtidal areas (Ref. 106682).

Aquatic zones / Water bodies

Marine - Neritic Marine - Oceanic Brackishwater Freshwater
Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies
  • supra-littoral zone
  • littoral zone
  • sublittoral zone
  • epipelagic
  • mesopelagic
  • epipelagic
  • abyssopelagic
  • hadopelagic
  • estuaries/lagoons/brackish seas
  • mangroves
  • marshes/swamps
  • rivers/streams
  • lakes/ponds
  • caves
  • exclusively in caves
Highighted items on the list are where Wrangelia penicillata may be found.

Habitat

Substrate Benthic; Hard Bottom: rocky;
Substrate Ref. Norris, J.N. and K.E. Bucher, 1982
Special habitats
Special habitats Ref.

Associations

Ref. Norris, J.N. and K.E. Bucher, 1982
Associations epiphytic;
Associated with Liagora farinosa and Caulerpa verticillata (Ref. 87157).
Association remarks
Parasitism

feeding

Feeding type
Feeding type Ref.
Feeding habit
Feeding habit Ref.

Trophic Level(s)

Estimation method original sample unfished population Remark
Troph s.e. Troph s.e.
From diet composition
From individual food items
Ref.
Ref. [ e.g. 3742]
Glossary [ e.g. cnidaria]
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