Spheniscus demersus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Jackass penguin
Spheniscus demersus
photo by FAO

Family:  Spheniscidae ()
Max. size:  70 cm TL (male/unsexed); max.weight: 3,100.0 g
Environment:  others; marine
Distribution:  Western Indian Ocean and Eastern Atlantic.
Diagnosis:   
Biology:  Population decline was recorded in the 19th century wherein 295,000 birds in 1956 became 170,000 birds in 1978. Threats include oil pollution, fisheries, and competition for food and space (Ref. 84934).
IUCN Red List Status: Endangered (EN); Date assessed: 09 September 2019 (A2ace+3bce+4ace) Ref. 123251)
Threat to humans: 
Country info:   
 

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