| 主要參考文獻 | DeFelice, R.C., L.G. Eldredge and J.T. Carlton, 2001 |
| 模態 | |
| 受精 | |
| 產卵頻度 | |
| 批次產卵者 | No |
| 生殖同功群 | |
| 生命周期與交配行為的描述 | Adults are capable of asexual reproduction via fragmentation, many are sequentially hermaphroditic. Sexual reproduction occurs by capturing sperm released into the water by adjacent individuals and transporting it to the egg deep with in the aquiferous system. |
| 搜尋有關繁殖更多的參考資料 | Scirus |