| Main Ref. | Dickson, R., 2002 |
| Mode | |
| Fertilization | |
| Spawning Frequency | one clear seasonal peak per year |
| Batch Spawner | No |
| Reproductive Guild | |
| Description of life cycle and mating behavior | Reproduction: The annual spawning cycle may be cued by spring phytoplankton (Ref. 290). |
| Search for more references on reproduction | Scirus |