| Main Ref. | Cairns, S.D., D.R. Calder, A. Brinckmann-Voss, C.B. Castro, D.G. Fautin, P.R. Pugh, C.E. Mills, W.C. Jaap, M.N. Arai, S.H.D. Haddock and D.M. Opresko, 2003 |
| Mode | |
| Fertilization | |
| Spawning Frequency | |
| Batch Spawner | No |
| Reproductive Guild | |
| Description of life cycle and mating behavior | Species exhibits both asexual and sexual reproduction by budding during hydroid stage and release of gametes in medusae stages (Ref. 1663, p. 14, 17). Medusa is known only in the laboratory rearing (Ref. 1663, p. 53). |
| Search for more references on reproduction | Scirus |