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Larus californicus, California gull

Common name (e.g. turtle)

Genus + Species (e.g. Caretta caretta)

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Larus californicus   Lawrence, 1854

California gull
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Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | CoL | ITIS | WoRMS

Aves | Charadriiformes | Laridae

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Others.  Temperate

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions

Eastern Pacific, Western Atlantic and the Arctic. Polar to tropical.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm Max length : 58.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 8812); max. published weight: 607.00 g (Ref. 356)

Short description Morphology

Culmen: 5.0 cm; wing: 39.9 cm.

Biology     Glossary (e.g. epibenthic)

Total Length: 51 to 58 cm; Wingspan: 122 to 140 cm (Ref. 8812). Coastal; <60 km (Ref. 356). Nest of simple construction. Despite risk of thermal stress on embryos and very young chicks, nests near shores of islands to be able to more easily detect predators, provides hiding places for small chicks, and ready escape routes for larger members. Stomach contents of Mono Lake population found with osmolalities of ca. 635 mosmo/kg, like their brine shrimp prey and just 25% as concentrated as the lake water, may be attributed to minimal intake of hypersaline waters; although unnecessary in maintenance of osmotic balance, observed to habitually visit freshwater sources along lake shore (Ref. 87784). Exhibits dipping and paddling (Ref. 356).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Main reference References | Coordinator | Collaborators

SAUP Database. 2006. (Ref. 356)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)

  Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 08 August 2018

CITES status (Ref. 108899)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Human uses


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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 6.1 - 25, mean 9.7 (based on 479 cells).
Vulnerability (Ref. 71543): Moderate vulnerability (43 of 100).
Price category (Ref. 80766): Unknown.

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