Staurozoa |
Stauromedusae |
Kishinouyeidae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Benthic. Tropical
Southwest Atlantic: Brazil (Ref. 813) and Puerto Rico (Ref. 84272).
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Nodular gonadal lobes erect, on oral surface, with broad adhesive pad-like organ on the arm tips and without an axial canal. Calyx about 15 mm maximum diameter, divided into 4 pairs of arms, resembling a cross, which is broadest near the center. Four broadly curved u-shaped perradial notches, 2x deep as the u- or v-shaped interradial notches. Arms with 6-25 short hollow capitate secondary tentacles on oral side near tip. Number and size of tentacles increase with calyx size (3 mm diameter, 9-11 tentacles; 12 mm diameter, 15-18 tentacles). Capitate ends of tentacles composed of adhesive cells. No cnidoblasts. Primary tentacles lacking in large individuals. Aboral surface smooth, without ridges or grooves, covered with numerous evenly scattered nematocyst warts. Mesoglea of aboral wall thick and less transparent than membranous oral wall. Oral surface smooth and easily folded. Numerous disc-shaped white spots on oral surface near gonads, mouth and calyx margin, i.e., vesicles, which are filled with numerous eurytele nematocysts. Manubrium short and cruciform, lips highly pleated. Pylorus of coelenteron with many (about 200) short gastric cirri. Interradial septa extend from pylorus to margin, allowing 4 radial pockets to communicate. Gonads arranged in 8 sinuous adradial bands of closely packed follicles extending from the pyloric region to the tentacles.
Green and reddish brown medusae with diffuse pigmentation. It occurs in seagrass beds. This is the only known Atlantic species of stauromedusae.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Members of the class Scyphozoa are gonochoric. Life cycle: Egg is laid by the adult medusa which later develops into a free-living planula, then to a scyphistoma to a strobila, and lastly to a free-living young medusa.
Migotto, A.E., A.C. Marques, A.C. Morandini and F.L. da Silveira. 2002. (Ref. 813)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
CITES status (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Human uses
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Population dynamicsGrowth
Age/Size
Length-weight
Length-length
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Recruitment
Abundance
Life cycleReproductionMaturityFecunditySpawningEggsEgg developmentLarvaeLarval dynamics Human RelatedAquaculture profile
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Estimates based on models
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Unknown.