Molgula retortiformis   Verrill, 1871

Sea clod

Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Molgula retortiformis  AquaMaps  Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | CoL | ITIS | WoRMS

Ascidiacea | Stolidobranchia | Molgulidae

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Sessile; depth range 3 - 1850 m (Ref. 119523).  Boreal

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions

Arctic, Northern Pacific and Northern Atlantic. polar to subtropical.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm Max length : 10.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 1745)

Biology     Glossary (e.g. epibenthic)

Prefers hard substrates, but are also found in sand and gravel (Ref. 1745).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Members of the class Ascidiacea are hermaphroditic; both cross- and self-fertilization is typical. Life cycle: Eggs develop into lecithotrophic larva before metamorphosing into benthic adults.

Main reference References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Lambert, G. and K. Sanamyan. 2001. (Ref. 1745)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

  Not Evaluated 

CITES status (Ref. 108899)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Human uses


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Countries
FAO areas
Ecosystems
Occurrences
Introductions
Stocks
Ecology
Diet
Food items
Common names
Synonyms
Predators
Reproduction
Maturity
Spawning
Fecundity
Eggs
Egg development
Age/Size
Growth
Length-weight
Length-length
Morphology
Larvae
Abundance
References
Mass conversion
Collaborators
Pictures

Internet sources

BHL | BOLD Systems | CISTI | DiscoverLife | FAO(Publication : search) | Fishipedia | GenBank (genome, nucleotide) | GloBI | Gomexsi | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | PubMed | Tree of Life | Wikipedia (Go, Search) | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 0.1 - 9.1, mean 2.3 (based on 995 cells).
Vulnerability (Ref. 71543): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Price category (Ref. 80766): Unknown.