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Melanitta - Species in
Anatidae - - Classification -
- Anatidae
- Anseriformes
- Aves
- Chordata
- Animalia
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Melanitta fusca (Linnaeus, 1758)
Velvet scoter
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Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | CoL | ITIS | WoRMS
Aves | Anseriformes | Anatidae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology
Others; freshwater; brackish; depth range 0 - 60 m (Ref. 124889). Boreal; 71°N - 36°N, 10°W - 84°E (Ref. 124582)
Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions
Inland Asia, the Mediterranean, Pacific and Atlantic Ocean and Arctic. Subtropical to boreal.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm Max length : 59.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 94965); max. published weight: 1.8 kg (Ref. 356)
Short description Morphology
Culmen: 4.285 cm; tarsus: 4.73 cm; wing: 27.15 cm.
Surface diving; dabbling; coastal. Winters: Norway to Spain, Black, Caspian and Mediterranean Seas; coastal East Asia, south to Japan and China; Atlantic and Pacific coastlines to Baja California, south Carolina, Florida, and Gulf coast (Ref. 356). They breed on wooded coastlines, small freshwater lakes, pools and rivers. They inhabit areas with boulder-covered or small rocky islands available for nesting with extensive herbaceous vegetation, shrubs and low trees. For the non-breeding population, winters are in shallow areas of inshore coastal waters; especially in water inlets where there are large mussel-beds but they also occur in freshwater habitats such as lakes and estuaries during migration (Ref. 83520). Feeds on clams, snails, barnacles, mussels and crabs found along the coast (Ref. 94965).
Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Main reference
References | Coordinator | Collaborators
BirdLife International. 2010. (Ref. 83520)
IUCN Red List Status
(Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
Vulnerable (VU) (A2abcde); Date assessed: 01 September 2020
CITES status (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
CMS (Ref. 116361)
Appendix II: Migratory species conserved through agreements
Threat to humans
Human uses
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More information
Trophic Ecology
Ecology
Population dynamics
Growth
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Abundance
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Abundance
Life cycle
Reproduction
Maturity
Fecundity
Spawning
Eggs
Egg development
Larvae
Maturity
Fecundity
Spawning
Eggs
Egg development
Larvae
Distribution
Physiology
Oxygen consumption
Human Related
Stamps, coins, misc.
Outreach
References
Internet sources
BHL | BOLD Systems | CISTI | DiscoverLife | FAO(Publication : search) | Fishipedia | GenBank (genome, nucleotide) | GloBI | Gomexsi | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | PubMed | Tree of Life | Wikipedia (Go, Search) | Zoological Record
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref. 115969): 4.2 - 17.2, mean 9.2 (based on 2299 cells).
Price category
(Ref. 80766):
Unknown.