Common names from other countries
Classification / Names / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
; 深度上下限 0 - 200 m (Ref. 96667). ; 46°N - 39°S, 30°E - 85°W (Ref. 108742)
Indo-Pacific.
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ?, range 5 - 4.99 cm Max length : 40.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 4); common length : 30.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 4)
It has lengths of 40 cm, maximum total body length; 30 cm, average adult length; Males are usually larger than females (Ref. 4). Maximum depth from Ref. 105425. Occurs at a depth range of 1 to 4 m on rocky substrates. It is usually found in clear waters often in surf zones and in surge channels; often near arid coasts and on small islands. The species is not gregarious and is nocturnal, hiding in the daytime in crevices in the rocks and coral reefs (Ref. 4) and moving at night to surge channels at the reef edge and into shallow reef flats (Ref. 84816). Primarily inhabits outer reef slopes (Refs. 84816, 106196). On rocky subtidal zone. Found in groups of more than 20 in submerged caves and lava tunnels during the day (Ref. 106199). In general, palinurids are mainly carnivores, usually feeding upon sluggish, easily captured animals where most material is eaten alive or freshly killed (Ref. 105260). Associated with a pedunculate barnacle (Ref. 105259).
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Brood and pelagic duration lasts 1 month (Ref. 81135) and 7.5 months (Ref. 81163), respectively. Also Refs. 81118, 106193.
主要参考文献
参考文献 | 合作者 | 合作者
Holthuis, L.B. 1991. (Ref. 4)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
人类利用
渔业: 商业性
| FishSource | 周边海洋
工具
网络资源
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 20.1 - 28.3, mean 26.7 (based on 1251 cells).
回复力
高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (K=0.13-0.58).
Prior r = 1.18, 95% CL = 0.78 - 1.77, Based on 1 data-limited stock assessment.
脆弱性
Low to moderate vulnerability (30 of 100).
