Common names from other countries
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
; kisaran kedalaman 0 - 200 m (Ref. 96667). Tropical; 46°N - 39°S, 30°E - 85°W (Ref. 108742)
Indo-Pacific.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm ?, range 5 - 4.99 cm Max length : 40.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 4); common length : 30.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 4)
It has lengths of 40 cm, maximum total body length; 30 cm, average adult length; Males are usually larger than females (Ref. 4). Maximum depth from Ref. 105425. Occurs at a depth range of 1 to 4 m on rocky substrates. It is usually found in clear waters often in surf zones and in surge channels; often near arid coasts and on small islands. The species is not gregarious and is nocturnal, hiding in the daytime in crevices in the rocks and coral reefs (Ref. 4) and moving at night to surge channels at the reef edge and into shallow reef flats (Ref. 84816). Primarily inhabits outer reef slopes (Refs. 84816, 106196). On rocky subtidal zone. Found in groups of more than 20 in submerged caves and lava tunnels during the day (Ref. 106199). In general, palinurids are mainly carnivores, usually feeding upon sluggish, easily captured animals where most material is eaten alive or freshly killed (Ref. 105260). Associated with a pedunculate barnacle (Ref. 105259).
Brood and pelagic duration lasts 1 month (Ref. 81135) and 7.5 months (Ref. 81163), respectively. Also Refs. 81118, 106193.
rujukan utama
Acuan | Koordinator | mitra
Holthuis, L.B. 1991. (Ref. 4)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435)
status CITES (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: komersial
| FishSource | Sea Around Us
Alat, peralatan
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 20.1 - 28.3, mean 26.7 (based on 1251 cells).
Daya lenting
Tinggi, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum kurang dari 15 bulan (K=0.13-0.58).
Prior r = 1.18, 95% CL = 0.78 - 1.77, Based on 1 data-limited stock assessment.
keancaman
Low to moderate vulnerability (30 of 100).