Common names from other countries
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
; payau; kisaran kedalaman 0 - 15 m (Ref. 348). Subtropical; 15°C - 30°C (Ref. 76803), preferred 13°C (Ref. 107945); 48°N - 30°N, 126°E - 148°E
Northwest Pacific. Introduced in the Pacific, Atlantic and the Mediterranean.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm Max length : 45.0 cm SHL jantan/; (Ref. 348); common length : 15.0 cm SHL jantan/; (Ref. 348)
A major commercial species. Introduced for aquaculture in many countries. However experimental plantings in tropical western Pacific Islands often failed, apparently because of the sustained high temperature of the water (Ref. 348).
rujukan utama
Acuan | Koordinator | mitra
Poutiers, J.M. 1998. (Ref. 348)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
status CITES (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: komersial
FAO - Budidaya air: production, profail spesis; Perikanan: landings, profail spesis | FishSource | Sea Around Us
Alat, peralatan
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 7.4 - 22.6, mean 16 (based on 334 cells).
Daya lenting
Tinggi, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum kurang dari 15 bulan (K=0.01-2.69).
Prior r = 0.57, 95% CL = 0.37 - 0.85, Based on 3 data-limited stock assessments.
keancaman
Low vulnerability (23 of 100).
