Common names from other countries
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologie
; diepteverspreiding 0 - 90 m (Ref. 441). Tropical, preferred 27°C (Ref. 107945); 35°N - 24°S, 97°W - 11°E (Ref. 4)
Atlantic Ocean.
Length at first maturity / Size / Gewicht / Leeftijd
Maturity: Lm 8.3, range 7 - 8.1 cm Max length : 45.0 cm TL mannelijk/geslacht niet bekend; (Ref. 4); common length : 20.0 cm TL mannelijk/geslacht niet bekend; (Ref. 4); Maximaal vermelde leeftijd: 15 jaren (Ref. 129472)
Longevity from Ref. 129472 (Supplementary material).
Females move to deeper water for spawning and there are mass migrations in the autumn when the animals, in single files up to 50 individuals, move in a certain direction in daytime, each animal having body contact with the next through the antennae; In the northern part of its range, larvae are found mainly from June to December (Ref. 4).
Holthuis, L.B. 1991. (Ref. 4)
Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
Status bij CITES (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Gebruik door de mens
Visserij: commercieel
FAO - Visserij: landings, soortsprofiel | FIRMS (Stock assessments) | FishSource | Sea Around Us
Tools
Internet-bronnen
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 23.7 - 28, mean 26.7 (based on 346 cells).
Weerstandsvermogen
Gemiddeld, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd 1,4-4,4 jaar (K=0.16-0.39; tm=4).
Prior r = 0.82, 95% CL = 0.54 - 1.23, Based on 1 full stock assessment.
Kwetsbaarheid
Moderate vulnerability (42 of 100).