Common names from other countries
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Οικολογία
; εύρος βάθους 0 - 90 m (Ref. 441). Tropical, preferred 27°C (Ref. 107945); 35°N - 24°S, 97°W - 11°E (Ref. 4)
Atlantic Ocean.
Length at first maturity / Μέγεθος / Βάρος / Age
Maturity: Lm 8.3, range 7 - 8.1 cm Max length : 45.0 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 4); common length : 20.0 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 4); μεγ. αναφερόμενη ηλικία: 15 έτη (Ref. 129472)
Longevity from Ref. 129472 (Supplementary material).
Females move to deeper water for spawning and there are mass migrations in the autumn when the animals, in single files up to 50 individuals, move in a certain direction in daytime, each animal having body contact with the next through the antennae; In the northern part of its range, larvae are found mainly from June to December (Ref. 4).
Holthuis, L.B. 1991. (Ref. 4)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
CITES status (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Human uses
αλιεία: Εμπορικό(ά)
FAO - αλιεία: landings, species profile | FIRMS (Stock assessments) | FishSource | Η θάλασσα γύρω μας
Εργαλεία
Διαδικτυακές πηγές
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 23.7 - 28, mean 26.7 (based on 346 cells).
Ελαστικότητα
Μεσαίο(α), ελάχιστος χρόνος για διπλασιασμό πληθυσμού 1,4 - 4,4 έτη (K=0.16-0.39; tm=4).
Prior r = 0.82, 95% CL = 0.54 - 1.23, Based on 1 full stock assessment.
Vulnerability
Moderate vulnerability (42 of 100).
