Common names from other countries
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Οικολογία
; εύρος βάθους 0 - 90 m (Αναφ. 441). Tropical, preferred 27°C (Αναφ. 107945); 35°N - 24°S, 97°W - 11°E (Αναφ. 4)
Atlantic Ocean.
Length at first maturity / Μέγεθος / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm 8.3, range 7 - 8.1 cm Max length : 45.0 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Αναφ. 4); common length : 20.0 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Αναφ. 4); μεγ. αναφερόμενη ηλικία: 15 έτη (Αναφ. 129472)
Longevity from Ref. 129472 (Supplementary material). Occurs at depths down to 90 m, perhaps even deeper; usually inhabits shallow waters and found among rocks, on reefs, eelgrass beds or in any habitat that provides protection. The species is gregarious and migratory. Females move to deeper water for spawning and there are mass migrations in the autumn when the animals, in single files up to 50 individuals, move in a certain direction in daytime, each animal having body contact with the next through the antennae; In the northern part of its range, larvae are found mainly from June to December (Ref. 4).
Females move to deeper water for spawning and there are mass migrations in the autumn when the animals, in single files up to 50 individuals, move in a certain direction in daytime, each animal having body contact with the next through the antennae; In the northern part of its range, larvae are found mainly from June to December (Ref. 4).
Holthuis, L.B. 1991. (Αναφ. 4)
IUCN Red List Status
(Αναφ. 130435: Version 2024-2)
CITES status (Αναφ. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Human uses
αλιεία: Εμπορικό(ά)
FAO - αλιεία: landings, species profile | FIRMS (Stock assessments) | FishSource | Η θάλασσα γύρω μας
Εργαλεία
Διαδικτυακές πηγές
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 23.7 - 28, mean 26.7 (based on 346 cells).
Ελαστικότητα
Μεσαίο(α), ελάχιστος χρόνος για διπλασιασμό πληθυσμού 1,4 - 4,4 έτη (K=0.16-0.39; tm=4).
Prior r = 0.82, 95% CL = 0.54 - 1.23, Based on 1 full stock assessment.
Vulnerability
Moderate vulnerability (42 of 100).