Common names from other countries
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Sinh thái học
; Mức độ sâu 0 - 242 m (Ref. 1695), usually 0 - 50 m (Ref. 88010). Tropical, preferred 21°C (Ref. 107945); 62°N - 4°N, 32°W - 37°E (Ref. 1695)
Eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean: from the Shetlands and southern Norway (stray in the Baltic Sea), south to the Mediterranean Sea to northwestern Africa.
Length at first maturity / Bộ gần gũi / Khối lượng (Trọng lượng) / Age
Maturity: Lm ?, range 9 - ? cm Max length : 49.0 cm ML con đực/không giới tính; (Ref. 1695); Khối lượng cực đại được công bố: 4.0 kg (Ref. 1695)
In temperate waters, maximum mantle length is 49 cm and up to 4 kg in weight. In the subtropics, maximum mantle length is 30 cm and up to 2 kg in weight (Ref. 1695). Common size: 15.0 to 25.0 cm (West Saharan fisheries; Ref. 275). One of the most important species for cephalopod fisheries in many countries but have been observed in recent years that it is heavily fished, e.g., Mediterranean (Ref. 1695). Also, a highly valued item especially in Japan, Korea, Italy and Spain (Ref. 1695). Maximum depth range from Ref. 114857.
Male and female adults usually die shortly after spawning and brooding, respectively. Mating behavior: Males perform various displays to attract potential females for copulation. During copulation, male grasp the female and inserts the hectocotylus into the female's mantle cavity where fertilization usually occurs. Life cycle: Embryos hatch into planktonic stage and live for some time before they grow larger and take up a benthic existence as adults (Ref. 833).
Schneider, W. 1990. (Ref. 417)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
CITES status (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Human uses
Các nghề cá: Tính thương mại
FAO - Nuôi trồng thủy sản: Sản xuất; Các nghề cá: landings, species profile | FIRMS (Stock assessments) | FishSource | Biển chung quanh ta
Các công cụ
Các nguồn internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 8.4 - 19.7, mean 11.3 (based on 1048 cells).
Thích nghi nhanh
Chiêù cao, thời gian nhân đôi của chủng quần tối thiểu là dưới 15 tháng (K=0.58-0.63; tm=1).
Prior r = 0.50, 95% CL = 0.33 - 0.76, Based on 3 full stock assessments.
Vulnerability
Low vulnerability (25 of 100).
