Common names from other countries
Classification / Names / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
大洋性; 深度上下限 0 - 500 m (Ref. 275). , preferred 16°C (Ref. 107945); 39°S - 56°S, 165°E - 176°W (Ref. 120902)
分布
國家 | FAO區域 | 生態系 | 發現紀錄 | 簡介
Southwest Pacific: New Zealand; Known from the South Island, the southeast coast of the North Island, also from south of the Auckland Island and west to the Chatham Islands.
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm Max length : 42.0 cm ML 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 275); 最大體重: 1.8 kg (Ref. 275); 最大年齡: 1.00 年 (Ref. 127344)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Members of the class Cephalopoda are gonochoric. Male and female adults usually die shortly after spawning and brooding, respectively. Mating behavior: Males perform various displays to attract potential females for copulation. During copulation, male grasp the female and inserts the hectocotylus into the female's mantle cavity where fertilization usually occurs. Life cycle: Embryos hatch into planktonic stage and live for some time before they grow larger and take up a benthic existence as adults.
主要參考資料
參考文獻 | 合作者 | 合作者
Roper, C.F.E., M.J. Sweeney and C.E. Nauen. 1984. (Ref. 275)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 05 May 2010
CITES狀態 (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
人類使用
漁業: 商業性
FAO - 漁業: landings, 魚種描繪 | FishSource | 周邊海洋
工具
網路資源
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 8 - 14.5, mean 11.8 (based on 53 cells).
回復力
中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.25).
瀕危性
Low to moderate vulnerability (32 of 100).
