Common names from other countries
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
; kisaran kedalaman 0 - 200 m (Ref. 635), usually 50 - 100 m (Ref. 635). Subtropical; ? - 30°C (Ref. 77134), preferred 16°C (Ref. 107945); 63°N - 31°N, 117°E - 165°E (Ref. 112755)
Northwest Pacific: Japan (from Hokkaido to Kyushu), China, Korean Peninsula and Far Eastern Russia (Karaginskogo Island).
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm ?, range 20 - ? cm Max length : 30.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 101467)
Common in shallow coastal bottom communities from the intertidal zone to depths more than 100 m. Forms aggregations, usually in the upper sublittoral zone (Ref. 635). May occur in three color variants: red type often found in offshore gravel beds while the green and black types often at inshore sandy-muddy bottoms (Ref. 77132). Juveniles often associated with algal/seagrass and oyster beds (Ref. 621). Most commercially important sea cucumber species (for trade, food and traditional medicine both; fisheries and farming/ranching) in China (Ref. 77133). Aquaculture now widespread in northern coast of China (Ref. 77133) since wild populations became over-exploited in the 1990s. Chinese aquaculture production peaked at 65,283 tons in 2005 (Ref. 77133).
Members of the class Holothuroidea are gonochoric and have only one gonad. Spawning and fertilization are both external and some exhibit brooding. Life cycle: Embryos develop into planktotrophic larvae (auricularia) then into doliolaria (barrel-shaped stage) which later metamorphose into juvenile sea cucumbers.
rujukan utama
Acuan | Koordinator | mitra
Kan-no, M. and A. Kijima. 2003. (Ref. 77132)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
status CITES (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: komersial; Budidaya air: komersial
FAO - Budidaya air: production, profail spesis; Perikanan: landings | FishSource | Sea Around Us
Alat, peralatan
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 8.6 - 19.7, mean 15.2 (based on 30 cells).
keancaman
Low to moderate vulnerability (35 of 100).
