Common names from other countries
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
; kisaran kedalaman 3 - 11 m (Ref. 76). Tropical, preferred 24°C (Ref. 107945)
Western Atlantic: from Maine, USA to Mexico.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm Max length : 60.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 82); Berat maksimum terpublikasi: 1.8 kg (Ref. 82); Umur maksimum dilaporkan: 20 Tahun (Ref. 99652)
The males are approximately 1/3 the size of the females (sexual dimorphism) (Ref. 83).
They reproduce with the use of the first pair of the six, flap-like appendages on the underside of the abdomen acts as a cover for the genital pore. The egg or sperm are released through this pore during spawning (Ref. 75). These eggs are fertilized by sperm released by an attached male and by one or more satellite males that typically congregate around the nesting pair (Ref. 81). While nesting, females bury themselves in the sediment near the water's edge and lay a series of discrete egg clusters, each containing 2,000-20,000 eggs (Ref. 80).
rujukan utama
Acuan | Koordinator | mitra
Lee, C.N. and B. Morton. 2005. (Ref. 1131)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
status CITES (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: komersial
FAO - Perikanan: landings | FIRMS (Stock assessments) | FishSource | Sea Around Us
Alat, peralatan
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 12.5 - 28, mean 26.7 (based on 417 cells).
keancaman
High to very high vulnerability (66 of 100).
