| Main Ref. | Cairns, S.D., D.R. Calder, A. Brinckmann-Voss, C.B. Castro, D.G. Fautin, P.R. Pugh, C.E. Mills, W.C. Jaap, M.N. Arai, S.H.D. Haddock and D.M. Opresko, 2003 |
| To | Chesapeake Bay, Virginia |
| FAO area | Atlantic, Northwest |
| From | Sea of Azov, Black Sea |
| FAO area | |
| Year | 1968 |
| Range | |
| Period | 1950-1974 |
| Established in the Wild | Unknown |
| Established in Aquaculture | |
| Significant Ecological Interactions | Unknown |
| Significant Socio-economic Effects | |
| Introduced by | |
| Reason | biofouling |
| Other Reason | ballast water |
| Comments | Introduced as fouling or boring on ships's hulls also possibly via ballast water. Ref. Carlton, J.T., 1985 |