Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | CoL | ITIS | WoRMS

Holothuroidea | Holothuriida | Holothuriidae

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Reef-associated; depth range 0 - 30 m (Ref. 122), usually 2 - 10 m (Ref. 92930). Tropical; 32°N - 27°S, 32°E - 134°W

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions

Indo-Pacific, including the Red Sea, but excluding Hawaii.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm Max length : 60.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 122); common length : 36.0 cm male/unsexed; (Ref. 122); max. published weight: 2.2 kg (Ref. 122)

Short description Morphology

Mean live weight: 1,800 g up to 2,200 g. Body-wall thickness: 0.1 cm. Body cylindrical, arched dorsally (bivium) and the flattened ventrally (trivium). Bivium smooth. Podia on bivium small, conical , and irregularly arranged; podia on trivium numerous, short, and arranged on the radii and interradii; calcareous disc of podia around 400 micrometer in diameter. Mouth ventral, surrounded by 20 short, dark tentacles. Anus nearly dorsal, surrounded by 5 groups of papillae. Calcareous ring with large radial pieces and narrow interradials. Cuvierian tubules numerous; large. Bivium whitish to brown, variable among specimens and showing characteristics dark eye-like some specimens uniformly brown with yellow spots. Spicules on ventral tegument with various simple rosettes and biscuit-like nodules, occasionally with small hole; dorsal tegument with rosettes only; ventral podia with short rods; dorsal podia with x-shaped rods; tentacles with spiny rods and large irregular plates.

Populations never reach high densities (generally between 0.001 and 0.01 per square meter). Occasionally collected by divers in artisanal fisheries, although the sticky Cuvierian tubules make the collection and processing disagreeable. Processed product is not distinguished from those of other Bohadschia species; little commercial value.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Sexual reproduction probably takes place during the warm season.

Main reference References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Conand, C. 1998. (Ref. 122)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 18 May 2010

CITES status (Ref. 108899)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Fisheries: commercial
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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 24.6 - 29.3, mean 28.4 (based on 3403 cells).

Vulnerability (Ref. 71543): Moderate vulnerability (44 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Unknown.

Nutrients : Calcium = 126 [75, 177] mg/100g; Iron = 4.79 [1.67, 7.92] mg/100g; Protein = 16.6 [15.4, 17.8] %; Omega3 = 0.331 [0.263, 0.400] g/100g; Selenium = 57.8 [48.5, 67.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 0 μg/100g; Zinc = 1.97 [0.92, 3.02] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies.

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