Ascidiacea |
Stolidobranchia |
Molgulidae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Sessile; depth range 2 - 44 m (Ref. 2672). Temperate; 63°N - 12°N, 18°W - 37°E
Atlantic and the Mediterranean Sea. Temperate and subtropical.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Inhabits sandy bottoms (Ref. 2673).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Members of the class Ascidiacea are hermaphroditic; both cross- and self-fertilization is typical. Life cycle: Eggs develop into lecithotrophic larva before metamorphosing into benthic adults.
Morri, C., C.N. Bianchi, S. Cocito, A. Peirano, A.M. De Biase, S. Aliani, M. Pansini, M. Boyer, F. Ferdeghini, M Pestarino and P. Dando. 1999. (Ref. 2672)
IUCN Red List Status
(Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
CITES status (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Human uses
| FishSource |
Tools
More information
Trophic EcologyFood items (preys)
Diet composition
Food consumption
Predators
Population dynamicsGrowth
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Abundance
Life cycleReproductionMaturityFecunditySpawningEggsEgg developmentLarvae PhysiologyOxygen consumption
Human RelatedStamps, coins, misc.
Internet sources
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 7.5 - 13.5, mean 10.3 (based on 268 cells).
Price category
Unknown.