Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | CoL | ITIS | WoRMS

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Reef-associated; depth range 3 - 30 m (Ref. 8294). Tropical; 36°N - 34°S, 26°E - 137°W (Ref. 848)

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions

Indo-Pacific.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm Max length : 100.0 cm COLD male/unsexed; (Ref. 269)

Short description Morphology

This is the most commonly of several massive (mound-forming) species with a surface that resembles the maze-like pattern of a mammal brain. The valleys are typically 2 to 3 cm long and 0.5 to 0.6 cm wide. Colonies commonly grow to 1 m diameter or more and are found at all depths (Ref. 269).

Maximum depth from Ref. 98471.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Hermaphroditic (Ref. 113712). Mature gametes are shed into the coelenteron and spawned through the mouth. Life cycle: The zygote develops into a planktonic planula larva. Metamorphosis begins with early morphogenesis of tentacles, septa and pharynx before larval settlement on the aboral end (Ref. 833).

Main reference References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Hodgson, G. 1998. (Ref. 269)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 03 January 2008

CITES status (Ref. 108899)

Appendix II: International trade monitored

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Human uses

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Trophic Ecology

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Ecology

Ecology
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Distribution

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Human Related

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Taxonomy

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Synonyms
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References

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 24.7 - 29.3, mean 28.4 (based on 3473 cells).

Vulnerability (Ref. 71543): High vulnerability (60 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Unknown.

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