Aves |
Charadriiformes |
Laridae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Others. Temperate
Distribution
Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions
Eastern Pacific and Western Atlantic.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm Max length : 53.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 8812); max. published weight: 640.00 g (Ref. 356)
Culmen: 4.37 cm; wing: 34.7 cm.
Total Length: 46 to 53 cm; Wingspan: 117 to 124 cm (Ref. 8812). Coastal; <50km (Ref. 356). Use various behavioral methods to thermoregulate such as neck extension, panting and gaping, elevation of feathers and/or scapulars, feather fluffing, beak tucking under scapular, wing drooping, tail tilting, etc. Egg neglect, while parents forage, was observed; eggs left at night run the risk of chilling causing the embryo's heart to stop beating (Ref. 87784). Displays surface-plunging and dipping (Ref. 356).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
SAUP Database. 2006. (Ref. 356)
IUCN Red List Status
(Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
CITES status (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Human uses
| FishSource |
Tools
More information
Population dynamicsGrowth
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Recruitment
Abundance
Life cycleReproduction
Maturity
Fecundity
Spawning
Eggs
Egg development
Larvae
Larval dynamics
Human RelatedAquaculture profiles
Stamps, coins, misc.
Internet sources
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 9.1 - 12.1, mean 10.3 (based on 156 cells).
Vulnerability
Moderate vulnerability (41 of 100).
Price category
Unknown.