Aves |
Charadriiformes |
Laridae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Others. Tropical; 82°N - 44°S, 105°E - 27°E (Ref. 124582)
Indo-Pacific, Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean and the Arctic. Tropical to polar.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cmmax. published weight: 998.00 g (Ref. 356)
Culmen: 2.55 cm; tarsus: 3.598 cm; wing: 26.7 cm.
Found on beach and shoreline (Ref. 116102). Coastal. Pelagic. Exhibits surface-seizing and plunge-diving behavior (Ref. 356). Opportunistic feeders. Feeds on small fish and small invertebrates, mainly crustaceans and insects; as well as faeces and carcasses. An arctic breeder; breeding area almost circumpolar with the exception of the Eurasian coast of Arctic Ocean. Nests on islets and flat, moist, grassy terrain of tundras, in pairs or small colonies. Often nests within colonies of Arctic terns (Sterna paradisaea). Common clutch size of 2 eggs. Migrates over oceanic waters southbound to western South America and south-southwestern Africa (Ref. 95138).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Lepage, D. 2007. (Ref. 7816)
IUCN Red List Status
(Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
CITES status (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Human uses
| FishSource |
Tools
More information
Trophic EcologyFood itemsDiet compositionFood consumptionFood rationsPredators Population dynamicsGrowth
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Recruitment
Abundance
Life cycleReproduction
Maturity
Fecundity
Spawning
Eggs
Egg development
Larvae
Larval dynamics
Human RelatedAquaculture profiles
Stamps, coins, misc.
Internet sources
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 1.8 - 15.5, mean 8.5 (based on 1479 cells).
Price category
Unknown.