Hydrozoa |
Anthoathecata |
Pennariidae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Sessile; brackish; depth range 0 - 29 m (Ref. 86643). Tropical
Indo-Pacific, Atlantic Ocean, Caribbean and the Mediterranean. Tropical and subtropical.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm Max length : 30.0 cm H male/unsexed; (Ref. 3248)
Large colonies, as tall as 30 cm, with dark brown to black perisac. Polyp is white with a reddish tinge and has a circle of 10 to 18 filiform tentacles at the base and up to 12 capitate tentacles on the upper part of hydranth.
Height is based on colonies (Ref. 3248). Maximum depth from Ref. 116013.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Species exhibits both asexual and sexual reproduction by budding during hydroid stage and release of gametes in medusae stages (Ref. 1663, p. 15, 18). Period of reproductive maturity recorded for Carrie Bow Cay, Belize is from 17th April to 21st June, during which the samples collected had gonophores or medusa buds (Ref. 87156).
Migotto, A.E., A.C. Marques, A.C. Morandini and F.L. da Silveira. 2002. (Ref. 813)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
CITES status (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Human uses
| FishSource |
Tools
More information
Trophic EcologyFood items
Diet
Food consumption
Ration
Predators
Population dynamicsGrowthAge/SizeLength-weightLength-lengthLength-frequenciesMass conversionRecruitmentAbundance Life cycleReproductionMaturityFecunditySpawningEggsEgg developmentLarvaeLarval dynamics Human RelatedAquaculture profile
Stamps, Coins Misc.
Internet sources
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 9 - 29.1, mean 27 (based on 5999 cells).
Vulnerability
Low vulnerability (20 of 100).
Price category
Unknown.