Bivalvia |
Carditida |
Astartidae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Benthic; depth range 6 - 270 m (Ref. 83435). Polar; 85°N - 34°N, 180°W - 180°E
Northern Pacific, Northern Atlantic and the Arctic.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm Max length : 5.1 cm SHL male/unsexed; (Ref. 360); common length : 2.5 cm male/unsexed; (Ref. 360)
Shell: solid, moderately convex valves equivalved and almost equilateral, circular or oval in shape, umbones frequently eroded; thick yellowish periostracum in young individuals, darkish brown to blackish in adults; cream-colored shell; sculpture consists of incised concentric lines sometimes toward the umbo, slightly raised ribs; external ligament takes over half the area posterior to the umbones; heterodont hinge, two cardinal teeth on the right valve and three on the left; smooth outer valve margin; two equal muscle scars (dimyarian, isomyarian) joined by a continuous pallial line (integropaliiate) without a sinus; crossed-lamellae structure. Body: pair of gills each has two series of lamellae extensively fused by interlamellar junctions (eulamellibranch); moderately developed foot.
Maximum depth from Ref. 117961.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Members of the class Bivalvia are mostly gonochoric, some are protandric hermaphrodites. Life cycle: Embryos develop into free-swimming trocophore larvae, succeeded by the bivalve veliger, resembling a miniature clam.
MarineSpecies.org. 2050. (Ref. 3477)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
CITES status (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Human uses
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Tools
More information
Trophic EcologyFood items
Diet
Food consumption
Ration
Predators
Life cycleReproductionMaturityFecunditySpawningEggsEgg developmentLarvaeLarval dynamics Human RelatedAquaculture profile
Stamps, Coins Misc.
Internet sources
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 0.1 - 12, mean 2.5 (based on 1889 cells).
Vulnerability
Moderate vulnerability (39 of 100).
Price category
Unknown.