Gastropoda |
Littorinimorpha |
Littorinidae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Benthic; depth range 0 - 46 m (Ref. 83435). Temperate; 81°N - 35°N, 95°W - 62°E (Ref. 83435)
Northeast Atlantic, Arctic, the Mediterranean and Eastern Pacific. Introduced in California. Temperate to polar.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm Max length : 1.9 cm DL male/unsexed; (Ref. 83435); max. reported age: 3.00 years (Ref. 8702)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
The species displays poecilogonony as its reproductive strategy. Claims of viviparity when young based on smaller species.
Harms, J. 1993. (Ref. 2711)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
CITES status (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Human uses
| FishSource |
Tools
More information
Trophic EcologyFood items
Diet
Food consumption
Ration
Predators
Life cycleReproductionMaturityFecunditySpawningEggsEgg developmentLarvaeLarval dynamics Human RelatedAquaculture profile
Stamps, Coins Misc.
Internet sources
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 6.6 - 13.2, mean 10.9 (based on 168 cells).
Vulnerability
Low vulnerability (16 of 100).