Polyplacophora |
Chitonida |
Tonicellidae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / تغييرات عمق / distribution range
بوم شناسي
; تغييرات عمق 0 - 183 m (مرجع 128573), usually 0 - 20 m (مرجع 128573). Polar
Arctic, Northern Pacific and Atlantic Ocean.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / سن
بلوغ: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm Max length : 2.5 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (مرجع 281)
Oblong to oval in shape; elevated and rather acutely angular valves. Valves: Colored a light tan covered with a heavy suffusion of dark red maculations and specks. Surface of valves: Smooth; granulated under a lens. Lateral areas: Not distinctly outlined. Girdle: leathery and without scales or bristles (Ref. 281).
Found from intertidal to 10 m (Tonicella submarmorea) and 230 m (Tonicella marmorea) (Ref. 75835).
Life cycle and mating behavior
بلوغ | تولید مثل | تخم ریزی | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Members of the class Polyplacophora are mostly gonochoric. Life cycle: Eggs hatch into lecitotrophic planktonic trocophore larvae (no veliger stage) which later metamorphose and settle on the bottom as young adults.
مآخذ اصلی
مراجع | هماهنگ كننده | همكاران
Burghardt, G. and L. Burghardt 2006 Selected Chitons of Caribbean Area and the East Coast of United States and Canada. A Gallery of Worlwide Chitons: http://home.inreach.com/burghart/eastcoas.html[accessed20/01/06] (مرجع 281)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN
(مرجع 130435: Version 2025-1)
وضعيت از نظر سايتس (مرجع 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
خطر برای انسان ها
استفاده انسانی
| FishSource |
ابزارها
اطلاعات بيشتر
Trophic EcologyFood items (preys)تركيب غذاييمصرف غذاييشکارچیان Population dynamicsرشد
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
نوسانات طولی
Mass conversion
فراواني
Life cycleتولید مثلبلوغFecundityتخم ریزیEggsنمو تخمLarvae PhysiologyOxygen consumption
Human RelatedStamps, coins, misc.
منابع اينترنتي
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 0.3 - 10, mean 2.2 (based on 720 cells).
Fishing Vulnerability
Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
طبقه قيمت
Unknown.