Common names from other countries
Classification / Names / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes (gen., sp.) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
; 深度上下限 0 - 25 m (Ref. 2758). ; 61°N - 12°N, 18°W - 44°E (Ref. 78075)
Eastern Atlantic, the Mediterranean, Black Sea and Red Sea.
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 1.8  range ? - ? cm Max length : 4.4 cm SHL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 2758); common length : 2.0 cm SHL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 437)
Depth based on occurrence (Ref. 2758, p. 805); to be replaced with better reference. Minimum depth from Ref. 80266. Vital constituent of infra-littoral benthic fauna of sandy beaches. Preferrentially distributed at depths of 0 to 2 m. (Ref. 122884). Subtidal (Ref. 437), living in fine well sorted clean sand (Ref. 2780). Also found in estuaries (Ref. 122883). An exclusive species of the Superficial Fine Sand (SFS) biocoenosis as it's strictly dependent on the sediment’s nature and composition. Rapid and efficient burrower (Ref. 122884).
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Gonochoric.
主要參考資料
參考文獻 | 合作者 | 合作者
Fischer, W., G. Bianchi and W.B. Scott (eds.). 1981. (Ref. 437)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)
CITES狀態 (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
人類使用
漁業: 商業性
| FishSource |
工具
網路資源
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 12.4 - 21.6, mean 19 (based on 746 cells).
回復力
高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (K=0.3-1.93).
瀕危性
Low vulnerability (20 of 100).