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Dugong dugon (Müller, 1776)
Dugong| Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050 |
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| This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed. |
| Dugong dugon AquaMaps Data sources: GBIF OBIS |
Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | CoL | ITIS | WoRMS
Mammalia | Sirenia | Dugongidae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology
Benthopelagic; depth range 0 - 200 m (Ref. 81173), usually 1 - 40 m. Tropical; 30°N - 37°S, 32°E - 178°W
Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions
Indo-Pacific: Dugong dugon hemprichii: Red Sea, Aqaba, Suez Canal; Dugong dugon dugon: Gulf of Aden, Mozambique, Persian Gulf, Pakistan, India, Myanmar, Malay Peninsula, Gulf of Thailand, Vietnam, Gulf of Tonkin, Comoros, Madagascar, Mauritius, Rodriguez, Sri Lanka, Andaman Islands, Indonesia, Ryukyu, Taiwan, Philippines, Guam, Palau, Micronesia, Caroline Is, Papua New Guinea, Solomon, New Caledonia, Australia, Fiji (Ref. 1522).
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm Max length : 406 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 91927); max. published weight: 400.0 kg (Ref. 1394); max. reported age: 20 years (Ref. 91927)
Maximum diving depth of 20.5 m recorded from Australia (Ref. 81173). Found in inshore waters, in bays and channels (Ref. 1394). Favors areas with warm shallow water, inshore and reefal seagrass beds (Ref. 936), particularly on fine sand (Ref. 86921). Occurs in small groups of up to 6 individuals; though, an exception of a herd of to 600 individuals was once recorded between Bahrain and Qatar (Ref. 801). Population estimates in the Persian/Arabian Gulf range from 5800 to 7300 individuals. Has a larger range than previously known, where their present range may be about 74% of the historical range (Ref. 114880). Feeds on a variety of seagrasses (Ref. 936). Almost entirely dependent on seagrass for food (Ref. 114880). Preyed upon by tiger sharks (Ref. 49538). Faces threats in the Persian/Arabian Gulf such as dredging, trawling and land reclamation, all damaging their critical seagrass habitats (Ref. 114880).
Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Main reference
References | Coordinator | Collaborators
Tan, J.M.L. 1995. (Ref. 936)
IUCN Red List Status
(Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
Vulnerable (VU) (A2bcd+4bcd); Date assessed: 12 July 2015
CITES status (Ref. 108899)
Appendix I: International trade banned
CMS (Ref. 116361)
Appendix II: Migratory species conserved through agreements
Threat to humans
Human uses
Fisheries: of no interest
FAO - Fisheries: species profile | FishSource | Sea Around Us
Tools
More information
Trophic Ecology
Ecology
Population dynamics
Growth
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Recruitment
Abundance
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Recruitment
Abundance
Distribution
Human Related
Aquaculture profiles
Stamps, coins, misc.
Stamps, coins, misc.
Outreach
Taxonomy
References
Internet sources
BHL | BOLD Systems | CISTI | DiscoverLife | FAO(Fisheries: species profile; publication : search) | Fishipedia | GenBank (genome, nucleotide) | GloBI | Gomexsi | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | PubMed | Tree of Life | Wikipedia (Go, Search) | Zoological Record
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref. 115969): 24 - 29, mean 27.8 (based on 1686 cells).
Resilience
(Ref. 69278):
High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (K=1.26-1.62; tm=12.3; tmax=20).
Price category
(Ref. 80766):
Unknown.