Polychaeta |
Phyllodocida |
Phyllodocidae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Benthic; depth range 2 - 17 m (Ref. 83919). Tropical; 27°C - 28°C (Ref. 87155)
Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea: Belgium, USA and Belize.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm Max length : 2.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 7882)
Minimum depth from Ref. 87155. Species' maximum length from the Belgian part of the North Sea (Ref. 7882). Maximum depth from Ref. 112705. Found in near-coastal zones and in open seas, on top of sandbanks. Typically in coarse-grained sediment in the North Sea (Refs. 7882, 96521). Known from sandy bottoms (Ref. 83919).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Members of the class Polychaeta are mostly gonochoric (sexual). Mating: Females produce a pheromone attracting and signalling the males to shed sperm which in turn stimulates females to shed eggs, this behavior is known as swarming. Gametes are spawned through the metanephridia or body wall rupturing (termed as "epitoky", wherein a pelagic, reproductive individual, "epitoke", is formed from a benthic, nonreproductive individual, "atoke"). After fertilization, most eggs become planktonic; although some are retained in the worm tubes or burrowed in jelly masses attached to the tubes (egg brooders). Life Cycle: Eggs develop into trocophore larva, which later metamorph into juvenile stage (body lengthened), and later develop into adults.
Vittor, B.A. 2002. (Ref. 3209)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
CITES status (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Human uses
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Tools
More information
Age/SizeGrowthLength-weightLength-lengthMorphologyLarvaeAbundance
Internet sources
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 8.9 - 24.9, mean 14 (based on 502 cells).
Price category
Unknown.