Polychaeta |
Phyllodocida |
Phyllodocidae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / djupintervall / distribution range
Ekologi
; djupintervall 2 - 17 m (Ref. 83919). Tropical; 27°C - 28°C (Ref. 87155)
Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea: Belgium, USA and Belize.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Könsmognad: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm Max length : 2.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 7882)
Minimum depth from Ref. 87155. Species' maximum length from the Belgian part of the North Sea (Ref. 7882). Maximum depth from Ref. 112705. Found in near-coastal zones and in open seas, on top of sandbanks. Typically in coarse-grained sediment in the North Sea (Refs. 7882, 96521). Known from sandy bottoms (Ref. 83919).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Könsmognad | Reproduktion | Lek | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Members of the class Polychaeta are mostly gonochoric (sexual). Mating: Females produce a pheromone attracting and signalling the males to shed sperm which in turn stimulates females to shed eggs, this behavior is known as swarming. Gametes are spawned through the metanephridia or body wall rupturing (termed as "epitoky", wherein a pelagic, reproductive individual, "epitoke", is formed from a benthic, nonreproductive individual, "atoke"). After fertilization, most eggs become planktonic; although some are retained in the worm tubes or burrowed in jelly masses attached to the tubes (egg brooders). Life Cycle: Eggs develop into trocophore larva, which later metamorph into juvenile stage (body lengthened), and later develop into adults.
Vittor, B.A. 2002. (Ref. 3209)
IUCN Red List Status
(Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
CITES status (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Human uses
| FishSource |
Verktyg
Ytterligare information
Trophic EcologyFödoslag
Födosammansättning
Födointag
Food rations
Predatorer
Population dynamicsTillväxtMax. ages / sizesLength-weight rel.Length-length rel.Length-frequenciesMass conversionRekryteringAbundans Life cycleReproduktionKönsmognadFecundityLekEggsEgg developmentLarvaeLarvdynamik Human RelatedAquaculture profiles
Stamps, coins, misc.
Internet-källor
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 8.9 - 24.9, mean 14 (based on 502 cells).
Vulnerability
Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Price category
Unknown.