Thysanoteuthis rhombus, Rhomboid squid : fisheries
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Thysanoteuthis rhombus   Troschel, 1857

Rhomboid squid

Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
This map was computer-generated and has not yet been reviewed.
Thysanoteuthis rhombus  AquaMaps  Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Thysanoteuthis rhombus (Rhomboid squid)
Thysanoteuthis rhombus
Picture by FAO

分類 / 名稱 俗名 | 同種異名 | CoL | ITIS | WoRMS

Cephalopoda | Oegopsida | Thysanoteuthidae

環境： 環境 / 氣候帶 / 深度上下限 / 配送範圍 生態學

大洋性; 深度上下限 0 - 2604 m (參考文獻 83938).  Tropical; 20°C - 26°C (參考文獻 95878); 51°N - 42°S, 180°W - 180°E (參考文獻 107076)

分布 Territories | FAO區域 | 生態系 | 發現紀錄 | 簡介

Circumglobal in tropical and subtropical waters.

初熟時的長度 / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡

成熟度: Lm 60.0, range 55 - 65 cm Max length : 130 cm ML 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (參考文獻 104052); common length : 60.0 cm ML 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (參考文獻 417); 最大體重: 30.0 kg (參考文獻 97142)

生物學特性     字彙 (例如 附生動物)

Caught with set nets and drifting jigs (Ref. 417). Maximum mantle length of both sexes is the same, 100 cm, possibly to 130 cm (Ref. 97142). Maximum depth from Ref. 104455. An oceanic species (Ref. 83938), only rarely approaches the shelf zone (Ref. 122970). Occupies epipelagic to upper mesopelagic depths, and undergoes diel vertical migrations. Cosmopolitan, common circumglobal inhabitant of warm tropical and subtropical open waters, only rarely approaching the shelf zone (Ref. 97142). Occurs in a front (Ref. 122966). Avoids the oligotrophic central waters of the open ocean. Also reaches higher latitudes into temperate boreal and notalian regions, transported by warm currents, e.g. the Tsushima, Kuroshio, Agulhas, Brazil Currents and the Gulf Stream. Not an active swimmer during most of its life cycle, rather, it propels itself slowly by gentle undulation of its long, broad, diamond-shaped fins. However, is capable of a powerful reactive jet of short duration when threatened. Such low-energy life style promotes very high growth rates, among the highest of all squids. By the age of 300 days, may reach 800 mm mantle length and 17.5 kg body weight. Males reach maturity mainly at 400 to 550 mm mantle length (age 170 to 200 days), and females mature at 550 to 650 mm mantle length (age 230 to 250 days). Life span is 1 year. Spawning lasts throughout the year in tropical waters and during the warm season in peripheral regions. Spawning is intermittent, with multiple fillings and evacuations of the oviducts. Mating occurs in the "head to head" position. The social organization is unique among squids: consists of pairs formed of same-sized males and females that occur at an immature stage of less than 100 mm mantle length, and probably remain together constantly during their lifetimes (monogamy). Small schools of pairs may be locally common. Arm length and probably the anal photophore play the key role in pair formation in immature squids. Juveniles feed on crustaceans, small cephalopods and fishes in subsurface waters, but subadults and adults feed mainly in daytime in deep-water layers mostly from 400 to 650 m on dense concentrations of non-active midwater fishes. Predators include different species of ommastrephid squids, dolphin fish, lancet fish, various species of tuna, swordfish, Gempylus serpens, sharks and mammals (e.g. dolphins, rough-toothed dolphin, false killer whale, sperm whale). Valued for its firm and flavorful flesh, its high commercial value makes it an important target species along the coastal waters of the Sea of Japan and around Okinawa (Ref. 97142).

生命週期和交配行為 成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚

During copulation, female and male mate in a head-to-head position. The male transfers its spermatophores to the female via the hectocotylus, which attaches to the surface of the female's buccal membrane. Spawning occurs throughout the year, in tropical waters during summer and early autumn, and lasts for 2-3 months. During spawning, females first produce a secretion of the nidamental glands like that of the ommastrephid Todarodespacificus. The secretion enters the water, and swells, and the female molds it into a cylinder. After that, the oviductal glands start to work, forming 2 mucous threads, each with 1 row of eggs. In the mantle cavity both threads fuse and develop into a single cord containing a double row of eggs. This cord exits into the water through the funnel, and the eggs are fertilized with spermatozoa from seminal receptacles located in the female's buccal membrane. The female then winds the cord of eggs onto the cylinder. As a result, the structure of the egg mass is uniform, as observed in natural egg masses of T. rhombus (Ref. 95878).

主要參考資料 參考文獻 | 合作者 | 合作者

Schneider, W. 1990 FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Field guide to the commercial marine resources of the Gulf of Guinea. Prepared and published with the support of the FAO Regional Office for Africa. Rome: FAO. 268 p. (參考文獻 417)

IUCN 瀕危狀態 (參考文獻 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))

  無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 11 May 2010

CITES狀態 (參考文獻 108899)

Not Evaluated

CMS (參考文獻 116361)

Not Evaluated

對人類具威脅

人類使用

漁業: 商業性
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

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更多資訊

營養生態學
食物項目（獵物）
食性組成
食物消耗量
捕食者
生態學
生態學
人口動態
成長
最大年齡/尺寸
長度重量比
長度關係
長度-頻率
質量轉換
豐度
生命週期
繁殖
成熟度
孕卵數
產卵場
卵
卵發育
仔魚
分布
Territories
FAO區域
生態系
發現紀錄
簡介
生理學
耗氧量
人類相關
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外展服務
合作者
分類學
俗名
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型態特徵
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參考文獻
參考文獻

網路資源

BHL | BOLD Systems | CISTI | DiscoverLife | FAO - Publication: search | Fishipedia | GenBank (基因組, 核甘) | GloBI | Gomexsi | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | PubMed | 樹狀分類階層 | Wikipedia (去, 搜尋) | 動物學的記錄

基於模型的估計

回復力
(Ref. 69278):		 高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (K=0.84; tm=0.68)
釣魚的脆弱性
(參考文獻 71543)		 Moderate vulnerability (38 of 100).
價格種類
(參考文獻 80766):		 Medium.