Aves |
Sphenisciformes |
Spheniscidae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Others. Polar
Indo-Pacific, Atlantic Ocean and the Antarctic. Subtropical to polar.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm Max length : 55.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 91362); common length : 55.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 8812); max. published weight: 2.8 kg (Ref. 356)
Culmen: 4.255 cm; tarsus: 1.94 cm.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Cherel, Y., C.-A. Bost, C. Guinet and H. Weimerskirch. 2005. (Ref. 89128)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
CITES status (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Human uses
| FishSource |
Tools
More information
Population dynamicsGrowthAge/SizeLength-weightLength-lengthLength-frequenciesMass conversionRecruitmentAbundance Life cycleReproduction
Maturity
Fecundity
Spawning
Eggs
Egg development
Larvae
Larval dynamics
Human RelatedAquaculture profile
Stamps, Coins Misc.
Internet sources
Estimates based on models
Resilience
High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (K=5.93).
Vulnerability
Moderate vulnerability (42 of 100).
Price category
Unknown.