Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | CoL | ITIS | WoRMS

Malacostraca | Decapoda | Penaeidae

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Benthic; brackish; depth range 0 - 119 m (Ref. 356). Subtropical, preferred 24°C (Ref. 107945); 40°N - 18°N, 97°W - 74°W

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions

Western Atlantic: from New Jersey, USA to Yucatan, Mexico.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L_m ?, range 17 - ? cm Max length : 22.4 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 109188); 20 cm TL (female); max. reported age: 2.00 years (Ref. 109223)

Maximum total length of unsexed and female from Ref. 109188 and Ref. 8, respectively. Maximum standard length: 19.0 cm. Maximum depth from Ref. 108758.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Life cycle: Eggs hatch into planktonic nauplii. The larvae undergo five nauplial, three protozoeal, and three mysis stages; then into two postlarval stages (Refs. 254, 79469). Mating behavior: Precopulatory courtship ritual is common (through olfactory and tactile cues); usually indirect sperm transfer (Ref. 833). Copulation occurs when the male attached its spermatophore to the thelycum of the female (Ref. 109188). Spawning may occur once or up to four times (Ref. 109189).

Main reference References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Holthuis, L.B. 1980. (Ref. 8)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)

Not Evaluated

CITES status (Ref. 108899)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Human uses

Fisheries: commercial; aquaculture: experimental
FAO - Aquaculture: production; Fisheries: landings, species profile | FishSource | Sea Around Us

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 15.3 - 27.3, mean 24.3 (based on 338 cells).

Resilience (Ref. 69278): High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (K=1.25-9.8; tmax=2).

Prior r = 0.53, 95% CL = 0.35 - 0.80, Based on 2 full stock assessments.

Vulnerability (Ref. 71543): Low vulnerability (11 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Very high.

Nutrients : Calcium = 109 [35, 184] mg/100g; Iron = 1.59 [1.21, 1.97] mg/100g; Protein = 20.2 [19.2, 21.3] %; Omega3 = 0.285 [0.185, 0.386] g/100g; Selenium = 48.3 [-31.7, 128.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 0 μg/100g; Zinc = 1.79 [1.17, 2.40] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies.

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