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References Used for South Africa (ZAF)
n = 441
Ref. No. Description
1 Emig, C.C. and C. de Mittelwihr 2005 Phoronida. Web site.
4 Holthuis, L.B. 1991 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 13. Marine lobsters of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of species of interest to fisheries known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(13):292p. Rome: FAO.
8 Holthuis, L.B. 1980 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 1. Shrimps and prawns of the world. An annotated catalogue of species of interest to fisheries. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(1):271 p. Rome: FAO.
9 Child, C.A. 1998 The marine fauna of New Zealand: Pycnogonida (sea spiders). NIWA Biodiversity Memoire 109. National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA). Washington, D.C. 20530, USA. 71 p. + Figure 2A-G, 3A-F, 4, 5.
19 Bisby, F.A., M.A. Ruggiero, K.L. Wilson, M. Cachuela-Palacio, S.W. Kimani, Y.R. Roskov, A. Soulier-Perkins and J. van Hertum 2005 Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2005 Annual Checklist. CD-ROM; Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
140 Stock, J.H. 1994 Indo-West Pacific Pycnogonida collected by some major oceanographic expiditions. p. 24. In Child, C. A. (ed.) The Marine Fauna of New Zealand: Pycnogonida (Sea Spiders). NIWA Bioderversity Memior 109. National Institute of Water and atmospheric Research (NIWA). )Washington, D.C. 20530, USA. 71 p.
218 Barnard, K.H. 1954 South African Pycnogonida. Annals of the South African Museum. 41 (3):81-158.
275 Roper, C.F.E., M.J. Sweeney and C.E. Nauen 1984 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 3. Cephalopods of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of species of interest to fisheries. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(3):277p. Rome: FAO.
333 Kensley, B.F. 1981 On the zoogeography of southern Africa decapod Crustacea, with distributional check list of the species. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 338:1-64.
336 Kensley, B.F. 1972 Shrimps and prawns of Southern Africa. S. Afr. Mus. Ed. 65 p.
343 Ng, P.K.L. 1998 Crabs. p. 1045-1155. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Volume 2. Cephalopods, crustaceans, holothurians and sharks. Rome, FAO. 1998. pp. 687-1396.
348 Poutiers, J.M. 1998 Bivalves. Acephala, Lamellibranchia, Pelecypoda. p. 123-362. In Carpenter, K. E. and V. H. Niem. 1998. FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Volume 1. Seaweeds, corals, bivalves, and gastropods. Rome, FAO.
349 Poutiers, J.M. 1998 Gastropods. p. 363-648. In Carpenter, K. E. and V. H. Niem. 1998. FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Volume 1. Seaweeds, corals, bivalves, and gastropods. Rome, FAO.
356 SAUP Database 2006 SAUP Database. www.seaaroundus.org.
422 Saldarriaga, J.F. and V. Storch 1997 Coccidian intestinal parasites in the Priapulidae (Priapulida). Parasitology Research 83:233-240.
424 van der Land, J. 1970 Systematics, zoogeography and ecology of the priapulids. Zool. Verh. Rijksmus Nat. Hist. Leiden. 112.
434 Fischer, W., G. Bianchi and W.B. Scott (eds.) 1981 Shrimps and prawns. 6: pag.var. In FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Eastern Central Atlantic (Fishing Area 34, 47; in part). Canada Funds-in-Trust. Ottawa, Department of Fisheries and Oceans Canada, by arrangement with the Food and Agriculture organization of the United Nations. 1-7: pag.var.
435 Fischer, W., G. Bianchi and W.B. Scott (eds.) 1981 True Crabs. 6: pag.var. In FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Eastern Central Atlantic (fishing areas 34, 47; in part). Canada Funds-in-Trust. Ottawa, Department of Fisheries and Oceans Canada, by arrangement with the Food and AgriculturesOrganization of the United Nations, 1-7: pag.var.
437 Fischer, W., G. Bianchi and W.B. Scott (eds.) 1981 Bivalves. 6: pag.var. In FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Eastern Central Atlantic (fishing areas 34, 47; in part). Canada Funds-in-Trust. Ottawa, Department of Fisheries and Oceans Canada, by arrangement with the Food and AgriculturesOrganization of the United Nations, 1-7: pag.var.
438 Fischer, W., G. Bianchi and W.B. Scott (eds.) 1981 Gastropods. 6: pag.var. In FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Eastern Central Atlantic (fishing areas 34, 47; in part). Canada Funds-in-Trust. Ottawa, Department of Fisheries and Oceans Canada, by arrangement with the Food and AgriculturesOrganization of the United Nations, 1-7: pag.var.
453 Rajpal, V. and A.S. Thandar 1999 Stolus kilberti, a new species from the east coast of South Africa (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Dendrochirotida) with a key to the genus Stolus Selenka. South African Journal of Zoology 34(3):130-134.
485 UNEP-WCMC 2003 UNEP-WCMC Species Database. http://www.unep-wcmc.org.
566 Thandar, A.S. and F.W.E. Rowe 1989 New species and new records of apodous holothurians (Echinodermata, Holothuroidea) from southern Africa. Zoologica Scripta (1891):145-155.
633 Rajpal, V. and A.S. Thandar 1998 Neocucumis kilburni sp. nov. (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Cucumariidae) from the east coast of South Africa, with a key to the genus Neocucumis. South African Journal of Zoology 33(4):195-199.
755 Thandar, A.S. 1998 A new genus and three new species of deep-sea holothuroids from the west coast of South Africa (Echinodermata). Journal of Zoology (London) 244:79-88.
756 Thandar, A.S. and V. Rajpal 1999 Thyone herberti, a new dendrochirotid species from the east coast of South Africa (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea). Journal of Zoology (London) 248:189-193.
757 Thandar, A.S. and M.N. Moodley 2003 Two new genera and a new species in the holothurian family Cucumariidae (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea). African Zoology 38(2):279-284.
776 Cutler, E.B., A. Schulze and H.K. Dean 2004 The Sipuncula of sublittoral New Zealand, with a key to all New Zealand species. Zootaxa 525:1-19.
800 Schoppe, S. 2000 A guide to common shallow water sea stars, brittle stars, sea urchins, sea cucumbers and feather stars (echinoderms) of the Philippines. Times Media Private Limited, Singapore. 144 p.
822 Behrens, D.W. and A. Hermosillo 2005 Eastern Pacific Nudibranchs: A guide to the Opisthobranchs from Alaska to Central America. Sea Challengers. Monterey, CA. 137 p.
828 Cairns, S.D. 1982 Antarctic and Subantarctic Scleractinia. Antarctic Research Series 34:1-74.
842 Debelius, H. 2001 Crustacea: Guide of the World. Unterwasserarchiv, IKAN, frankfurt, Germany.
844 Debelius, H. 2001 Nudibranchs and sea snails: Indo-Pacific field guide. Unterwasserarchiv, IKAN, frankfurt, Germany, 3rd ed. 321 pp.
846 Veron, J.E.N. 2000 Corals of the world. Volume 1. Australian Institute of Marine Science and CRR Qld. Pty. Ltd. Australia. 463 p.
847 Veron, J.E.N. 2000 Corals of the world. Volume 2. Australian Institute of Marine Science and CRR Qld. Pty. Ltd. Australia. 429 p.
848 Veron, J.E.N. 2000 Corals of the world. Volume 3. Australian Institute of Marine Science and CRR Qld. Pty. Ltd. Australia. 490 p.
855 Bruce, N.L. and T.E. Bowman 1989 Species of parasitic isopod genera Ceratothoa and Glossobius (Crustacea: Cymothoidae) from the mouths of flying fishes and halfbeaks (Beloniformes). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology (489):28 p. + 17 figs.
866 Gosliner, T. 1987 Nudibranchs of Southern Arfrica: A guide to opistobranch molluscs of Southern Africa. Sea Challengers and Jeff Hamann in association with the California Academy of Sciences. 136 pp.
874 Soule, J.D. 1963 Results of the Puritan-American Museum of Natural History Expedition to Western Mexico. 18. Cyclostomata, Ctenostomata (Ectoprocta), and Entoprocta of the Gulf of California. American Museum Novitates (2144):1-34.
888 Downey, M.E. 1973 Starfishes from the Caribbean and the Gulf of Mexico. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology (126):1-158.
897 Burton, M. 1963 A revision of the classification of the calcareous sponges with a catalogue of the specimens in the British Museum (Natural History). British Museum (Natural History). London. 693 pp.
907 Iwata, F. 1954 The fauna of Akkeshi Bay. XX. Nemertini in Hokkaido (revised report). Reprinted from the Journal of the Faculty Science, Hokkaido University. Series VI, 12(1-2):39 p.
1064 Hansson, H.G. 1998 NEAT (North East Atlantic Taxa): South Scandinavian Marine Crustacea Check-list compiled at TMBL (Tjärnö Marine Biological Laboratory). NEAT (North East Atlantic Taxa): South Scandinavian marine Crustacea Check-List. Internet Ed., Aug. 1998.
1111 Packard, A. 1968 Asexual reproduction in Balanoglossus (Stomochordata). Proceedings of the Royal Society. Series B. Biological Sciences 171:261-272.
1134 Kott, P. 2005 Catalogue of Tunicata in Australian Waters. Queensland Museum, Brisbane, Australia Department of the Environment and Heritage.
1214 Horn, T.D. 1978 The distribution of Echinoderes coulli (Kinorhyncha) along an interstitial salinity gradient. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society 97(4):586-589.
1230 Higgins, R.P. 1977 Two new species of Echinoderes (Kinorhyncha) from South Carolina. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society 96(3):340-354.
1382 Salvini-Plawen, L.V. 2006 Arten-Verzeichnis. I. Caudofoveata. MS.
1394 Jefferson, T.A., S. Leatherwood and M.A. Webber 1993 FAO species Identification Guide: Marine Mammals of the World. Rome, FAO. 320 p. + 587 figures.
1397 Márquez, M.R. 1990 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 11. Sea turtles of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of sea turtle species known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(11):81p. Rome: FAO.
1414 Pettit, G.R., Y. Kamano, C. Dufresne, M. Inoue, N. Christie, J.M. Schmidt and D.L. Boubek 1989 Isolation and structure of the unusual Indian Ocean Cephalodiscus gilchristi components, cephalostatins 5 and 6. Can. J. Chem. 67:1509-1513.
1456 Australian Biological Resources Study 2000 Australian Faunal Directory. World Wide Web electronic publication. http://www.deh.gov.au/biodiversity/abrs/online-resources/fauna/index.html
1491 Webb, J.E. 1957 On the lancelets of south and east Africa. Annals of the South African Museum 43:249-270.
1522 Rice, D.W. 1998 Marine Mammals of the World Systematics and Distribution. Special Publication number 4: The Society for Marine Mammalogy. 231p.
1560 Pachut, J. 1998 Checklist of recent Entoprocta. Laboratory page. http://www.geology.iupui.edu/research/PaleoLab/Projects/BryoLists/Entoproct.htm [Accessed 110706].
1661 Monniot, F. and C. Monniot 2001 Ascidians from the tropical western Pacific. Zoosystema 23(2):248-336.
1695 Jereb, P. and C.F.E. Roper (eds.) 2005 Cephalopods of the world. An Annotated and Illustrated catalogue of Cephalopod species known to date. Vol. 1. Chambered nautiluses and sepioids (Nautilidae, Sepiidae, Sepiolidae, Sepiadariidae, Idiosepiidae and Spirulidae). FAO Spec. Cat. Fish. Purp. 4(1):262p. Rome: FAO.
1733 Monniot, C. 2002 Stolidobranch ascidians from the tropical western Indian Ocean. Zooligical Journal of the Linnean 135:65-120.
1738 Heydorn, A.E.F. 1959 The chaetognatha off the west coast of the Union of South Africa, July 1954-June 1995. Department of Commerce and Industry Investigation Reports. 36:1-56.
1744 Sanamyan, K.E. and N.P. Sanamyan 2002 Deep-water ascidians from the south-western Atlantic (RV Dmitry Mendeleev, cruise 43 and Academic Kurchatov, cruise 11). Journal of Natural History 36:305-359.
1756 Primo, C. and E. Vazquez 2004 Zoogeography of the southern African ascidian fauna. Journal of Biogeography 31:1987-2009.
1821 Steiner, G. and A.R. Kabat 2004 Catalog of species-group names of recent and fossil Scaphopoda (Mollusca). Zoosystema 26(4):549-726.
1838 Child, C.A. 2002 Some Pycnogonida from the Easter (Hasa) disctrict of Saudi Arabia. Journal of Natural History 36:1805-1821.
1840 Cutler, E.B. 1994 The Sipuncula. Their systematics, biology and evolution. Ithaca: Comstock publishing Associates, 433 p.
1844 Raiskii, A.K. and E.P. Turpaeva 2006 Deep-sea pycnogonids from the North Atlantic their distribution in the world ocean. Okeanologiya 46(1):63-68.
1859 Sirenko, B.I. 2000 A new unusual species of Parachiton (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) from South Africa. African Zoology 35(1):93-99.
1871 Cutler, E.B. 1977 The bathyal and abyssal Sipuncula. Galathea Report, 14:135-156.
1875 Kaas, P. and R.A. van Belle 1985 Monograph of the Living chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora). Vol.1. Order Neoloricata: Lepidopleurina. E.J. Brill publishers, Leiden. 240 p.
1894 Kaas, P. 1985 Notes on Loricata (Mollusca) 11-14. Zool. Med., Leiden 59(25):299-320+figures 14-25.
1904 Anderson, F.E. 2000 Phylogeny and historical biogeography of the loligonid squids (Mollusca: Cephalopoda) based on mitochondrial DNA sequence data. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 15(2):191-214.
1978 Collins, M.A. and C. Henriques 2000 A revision of the family Stauroteuthidae (Octopoda: Cirrata) with redescription of Stauroteuthis syrtensis and S. gilchristi. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 80:685-697.
2170 Hiller, N. 1994 The Environment, Biogeography, and Origin of the Southern African Recent Brachiopod Fauna. Journal of Paleontology, 68(4):776-786.
2203 Zezina, O.N. 1981 Recent deep-sea Brachiopoda from the Western Pacific. Galathea Report. 15:7-20.
2283 Cooper, G.A. 1975 Brachiopods from west African waters with examples of collateral evolution. Journal of Paleontology 49(5):911-927.
2376 Wrobel, D. and C.E. Mills 1998 Pacific coasts pelagic invertebrates: a guide to the common gelatinous animals. Sea Challengers and the Monterey Bay Aquarium, Monterey, California.112 p.
2417 Amin, O.M. and K.W. Christison 2005 Neoechinorhynchus (Neoechinorhynchus) dorsovaginatus n. sp. (Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynchidae) from the dusky kob Argyrosomus japonicus (Sciaenidae) on the southern coast of South Africa. Systematic Parasitology 61:173-179.
2423 Grygier, M.J. 1990 Distribution of Indo-Pacific Myzostoma (Myzostomida). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 102(3):793-804.
2427 Bartoli, P., R.A. Bray and D.I. Gibson 2003 Lecithostaphylus retroflexus (Molin, 1859) (Zoogonidae) and Tergestia acanthocephala (Stossich, 1887) (Fellodistomidae) (Digenea) from the epipelagic teleost Belone belone (L.) in the western Mediterranean. Systematic Parasitology 54:131-143.
2428 Bray, R.A., M.E. Spencer Jones and J.W. Lewis 1988 Acanthocephaloides cyrusi n. sp. (Acanthocephala: Arhythmacanthidae) from southeast African teleost fishes. Systematic Parasitology 12:109-116.
2442 Eldredge, L.G. 1966 Taxonomic review of Indo-Pacific Didemnid Ascidians and descriptions of twenty-three central Pacific species. Journal of the College of Guam 2(2):160-261.
2616 Monniot, C. and F. Monniot 1990 Revision of the class Sorberacea (benthic tunicates) with descriptions of seven new species. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 99:239-290.
2654 Monniot, C. and F. Monniot 1987 Abundance and distribution of tunicates on the northern continental slope of the Gulf of Mexico. Bull. Mar. Sci. 41(1):36-44.
2660 Gutt, J., M. Gorny and W. Arntz 1991 Spatial distribution of Antarctic shrimps (Crustacea: Decapoda) by underwater photography. Antarc. Sci. 3(4):363-369.
2663 Wehe, T. and D. Fiege 2002 Annotated checklist of the polychaete species of the seas surrounding the Arabian Peninsula: Red Sea, Gulf of Aden, Arabian Sea, Gulf of Oman, Arabian Gulf. Fauna of Arabia 19:7-238.
2686 Macpherson, E. 2004 A new species and new records of lithodid crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Lithodidae) from the Crozet and Kerguelen Islands area (Subantarctica). Polar Biol. 27:418-422.
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2873 Schwabe, E. 2005 A catalogue of Recent and fossil chitons (Mollusca: Polyplacophora) Addenda. Novapex 6(4):89-105.
2922 Oliver, P.G., A.M. Holmes, I.J. Killeen, J.M. Light and H. Wood 2004 Annotated checklist of the marine Bivalvia of Rodrigues. Journal of Natural History 38:3229-3272.
2943 Dafni, J. 1983 A new subspecies of Tripneustes gratilla from the northern Red Sea (Echinodermata: Echinoidea: Toxopneustidae). Israel Journal of Zoology 32(1):1-12.
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3000 Bieler, R. and R.E. Petit 2005 Catalogue of recent and fossil taxa of the family Architectonicidae Gray, 1850 (Mollusca: Gastropoda). Zootaxa 1101:1-119.
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