Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | CoL | ITIS | WoRMS

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Others; depth range 0 - 120 m (Ref. 62202). Polar; 82°N - 27°N, 80°W - 43°E (Ref. 124582)

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions

Northwest Atlantic, Eastern Atlantic and the Arctic: Polar to temperate.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm Max length : 45.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 8812); max. published weight: 719.00 g (Ref. 356)

Short description Morphology

Culmen: 3.45 cm; tarsus: 2.963 cm; wing: 21.13 cm.

Total Length: 40 to 45 cm; Wingspan: 63 to 66 cm (Ref. 8812).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Breeds from northern Europe east to Russia, Iceland, Greenland, and coastal North America from Baffin Island south to the Maritime Provinces and Maine. Winters from Greenland south even to South Carolina, and in Europe to the Mediterranean. Eggs are laid from early June to early August (Ref. 87872).

Main reference References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Camphuysen, C.J.K. 1998. (Ref. 7319)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 17 August 2021

CITES status (Ref. 108899)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Human uses

| FishSource |

Tools

E-book | Field guide

More information

Trophic Ecology

Food items
Diet
Food consumption
Ration
Predators

Ecology

Ecology
Home ranges

Population dynamics

Growth
Age/Size
Length-weight
Length-length
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Recruitment
Abundance

Life cycle

Reproduction
Maturity
Fecundity
Spawning
Eggs
Egg development
Larvae
Larval dynamics

Distribution

Countries
FAO areas
Ecosystems
Occurrences
Introductions

Human Related

Aquaculture profile
Stamps, Coins Misc.

Outreach

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Taxonomy

Common names
Synonyms
Morphology
Pictures

References

Internet sources

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 2.3 - 12.7, mean 8.1 (based on 1259 cells).

Resilience (Ref. 69278): High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (K=20.71-50.32).

Vulnerability (Ref. 71543): Low to moderate vulnerability (35 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Unknown.

Comments & Corrections

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