Bivalvia |
Ostreida |
Pinnidae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Benthic; depth range 0 - 50 m (Ref. 75831). Tropical
Indo-Pacific: from East Africa, including Madagascar, the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf, to eastern Polynesia; north to Japan and Hawaii, and south to Queensland and New Caledonia.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm Max length : 48.0 cm SHL male/unsexed; (Ref. 348); common length : 30.0 cm SHL male/unsexed; (Ref. 348)
Shell reaching a very large size, thick and solid, inflated, variable in shape from triangular to hatchet-shaped or subglobular. Dorsal margin usually nearly straight, posterior margin broadly oval to somewhat truncate in outline. Ventral margin broadly convex posteriorly and concave near the umbones, often strongly lobate in medium-sized and large specimens. Outside of valves with 10 to 17 main radial ribs, often bearing scale-like spines, and with weaker interstitial riblets. Internal nacreous layer moderately strong, undivided, occupying the anterior half or 2/3 of valves. Hind margin of posterior adductor scar slightly protruding beyond the nacreous area (protrusion of adductor scar more developed in mature specimens). Colour: outside of shell dark reddish brown to nearly black, usually dull. Shell material semitranslucent, appearing a rich reddish purple when viewed with transmitted light. Interior dark brown to black, iridescent on nacreous area.
Because it attains a large size, this common species is probably one of the most economically important members of the family in the Indo-West Pacific. Beautiful but fragile black pearls are sometimes produced by the animal (Ref. 348).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Members of the class Bivalvia are mostly gonochoric, some are protandric hermaphrodites. Life cycle: Embryos develop into free-swimming trocophore larvae, succeeded by the bivalve veliger, resembling a miniature clam.
Poutiers, J.M. 1998. (Ref. 348)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)
CITES status (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: commercial
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More information
Trophic EcologyFood items
Diet
Food consumption
Ration
Predators
Population dynamicsGrowthAge/SizeLength-weightLength-lengthLength-frequenciesMass conversionRecruitmentAbundance Life cycleReproductionMaturityFecunditySpawningEggsEgg developmentLarvaeLarval dynamics Human RelatedAquaculture profile
Stamps, Coins Misc.
Internet sources
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 24.2 - 29.1, mean 28 (based on 1288 cells).
Vulnerability
Moderate vulnerability (38 of 100).
Price category
Unknown.