Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | CoL | ITIS | WoRMS

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Bathydemersal. Temperate; 90°N - 90°S, 180°W - 180°E

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions

Northeast Atlantic and Atlantic Ocean: Iceland, Faroe Islands, Norway, United Kingdom, Ireland, Baltic Sea (Ref. 1394); USA, Newfoundland, Gulf of St. Lawrence, Norway, Iceland, Faroe, Shetland Islands, Orkney Islands, Great Britain, Ireland, Netherlands, France, Greenland, Portugal (Ref. 1522).

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm Max length : 230 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 1394); 200 cm TL (female); max. published weight: 310.0 kg (Ref. 1394); max. published weight: 310.0 kg

Inhabits in coastal areas; they haul-out on isolated beaches and rocky ledges of islands. Feeds on a wide variety of fishes and invertebrates and occasionally take seabirds (Ref. 1394).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Main reference References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Jefferson, T.A., S. Leatherwood and M.A. Webber. 1993. (Ref. 1394)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 01 March 2016

CITES status (Ref. 108899)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Appendix II: Migratory species conserved through agreements

Threat to humans

Human uses

Fisheries: commercial
FAO - Fisheries: landings, species profile | FishSource |

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References

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 4.5 - 11.3, mean 9 (based on 1247 cells).

Resilience (Ref. 69278): Medium, minimum population doubling time 1.4 - 4.4 years (K=0.14-0.18).

Vulnerability (Ref. 71543): Very high vulnerability (77 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Unknown.

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