Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | CoL | ITIS | WoRMS

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Benthic; depth range 4 - 250 m (Ref. 3710), usually 40 - 100 m (Ref. 106788). Polar; ? - 15°C (Ref. 3706), preferred 10°C (Ref. 107945); 82°N - 32°N, 180°W - 180°E

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions

Atlantic Ocean, Pacific and the Arctic: UK and Canadian Arctic Archipelago, Alaska to USA and Japan. Subtropical to polar.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm Max length : 11.0 cm SHL male/unsexed; (Ref. 78075); max. reported age: 23 years (Ref. 8702)

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Members of the class Bivalvia are mostly gonochoric, some are protandric hermaphrodites. Life cycle: Embryos develop into free-swimming trocophore larvae, succeeded by the bivalve veliger, resembling a miniature clam.

Main reference References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Wiborg, K.F. 1963. (Ref. 3710)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)

Not Evaluated

CITES status (Ref. 108899)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Human uses

Fisheries: commercial
FAO - Fisheries: landings | FishSource | Sea Around Us

Tools

E-book | Field guide

More information

Trophic Ecology

Food items
Diet
Food consumption
Ration
Predators

Ecology

Ecology
Home ranges

Population dynamics

Growth
Age/Size
Length-weight
Length-length
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
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Abundance

Life cycle

Reproduction
Maturity
Fecundity
Spawning
Eggs
Egg development
Larvae
Larval dynamics

Distribution

Countries
FAO areas
Ecosystems
Occurrences
Introductions

Human Related

Aquaculture profile
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Taxonomy

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Synonyms
Morphology
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References

Internet sources

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 3.1 - 14.8, mean 10 (based on 1007 cells).

Resilience (Ref. 69278): Low, minimum population doubling time 4.5 - 14 years (K=0.14; tmax=23).

Vulnerability (Ref. 71543): Moderate to high vulnerability (49 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Low.

Nutrients : Calcium = 149 [71, 228] mg/100g; Iron = 8.53 [1.95, 15.11] mg/100g; Protein = 9.88 [8.64, 11.12] %; Omega3 = 0.313 [0.202, 0.423] g/100g; Selenium = 61 [50, 72] μg/100g; VitaminA = 0 μg/100g; Zinc = 2.04 [0.56, 3.51] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies.

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