Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | CoL | ITIS | WoRMS

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Benthic; depth range 0 - 100 m (Ref. 96312). Temperate, preferred 10°C (Ref. 107945); 81°N - 38°N, 43°W - 30°E

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Introductions

Northeast Atlantic: From Svalbard, UK and the Faeroes, east to the North Sea, Skagerrak and Kattegat to Finnmark, Norway, north to Greenland and Iceland and south to Portugal. Temperate to polar.

Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm Max length : 17.6 cm WD male/unsexed; (Ref. 101443); max. reported age: 8 years (Ref. 101443)

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae

Small eggs, seasonally produced, spawning varies with latitude (Ref. 96312).

Main reference References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Harms, J. 1993. (Ref. 2711)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-1)

Lower Risk: near threatened (LR/nt) ; Date assessed: 01 August 1996

CITES status (Ref. 108899)

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Human uses

Fisheries: commercial
FAO - Fisheries: landings | FishSource | Sea Around Us

Tools

E-book | Field guide

More information

Trophic Ecology

Food items
Diet
Food consumption
Ration
Predators

Ecology

Ecology
Home ranges

Population dynamics

Growth
Age/Size
Length-weight
Length-length
Length-frequencies
Mass conversion
Recruitment
Abundance

Life cycle

Reproduction
Maturity
Fecundity
Spawning
Eggs
Egg development
Larvae
Larval dynamics

Distribution

Countries
FAO areas
Ecosystems
Occurrences
Introductions

Human Related

Aquaculture profile
Stamps, Coins Misc.

Outreach

Collaborators

Taxonomy

Common names
Synonyms
Morphology
Pictures

References

Internet sources

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 115969): 7.5 - 12.4, mean 10.3 (based on 538 cells).

Vulnerability (Ref. 71543): Low to moderate vulnerability (28 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Unknown.

Nutrients : Calcium = 126 [75, 177] mg/100g; Iron = 5.08 [1.67, 7.92] mg/100g; Protein = 12%; Omega3 = 0.331 [0.263, 0.400] g/100g; Selenium = 0.04 [48.48, 67.17] μg/100g; VitaminA = 0 μg/100g; Zinc = 1.97 [0.92, 3.02] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies.

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