Aves |
Pelecaniformes |
Sulidae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Pelagic; depth range 0 - 15 m (Ref. 126751). Subtropical
Indo-Pacific and Western Central Atlantic.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm Max length : 80.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 84934); max. published weight: 1.8 kg (Ref. 356)
Culmen: 12.7 cm; tarsus: 4.23 cm; wing: 41.91 cm.
Total Length: 64 to 74 cm; Wingspan: 132 to 150 cm (Ref. 8812). Pelagic (Ref. 356). Typically feeds inshore. Colonial breeder on marine islands. Gregarious; freely perches on buoys (Ref. 91362). Capture prey by plunge-diving (Refs. 356, 91362). Maturity at over 2 to 3 years (Ref. 91362).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Li, X. 1990. (Ref. 78638)
IUCN Red List Status
(Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
CITES status (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Human uses
| FishSource |
Tools
More information
Population dynamicsGrowthMax. ages / sizesLength-weight rel.Length-length rel.Length-frequenciesMass conversionAbundance Life cycleReproduction
Maturity
Fecundity
Spawning
Eggs
Egg development
Larvae
PhysiologyOxygen consumption
Human RelatedStamps, coins, misc.
Internet sources
Estimates based on models
Resilience
High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (K=9.33-21.22).
Fishing Vulnerability
Moderate to high vulnerability (52 of 100).
Price category
Unknown.