Malacostraca |
Decapoda |
Pandalidae
環境： 環境 / 氣候帶 / 深度上下限 / 配送範圍
生態學
底中水層性; 深度上下限 96 - 500 m (參考文獻 105206), usually 96 - 142 m (參考文獻 114245). Tropical; 34°N - 9°S, 120°W - 77°W
Eastern Pacific: Palos Verde, California to Salaverry, Peru, and Galapagos Island.
初熟時的長度 / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
成熟度: Lm ? range ? - ? cmCommon length : 1.5 cm CL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (參考文獻 91175); common length :1.55 cm CL (female)
The species has a long up-curving rostrum about 1.5 time s as long as the carapace. The rostrum has 11 to 14 spines above, the first three of which on the carapace are in front of the orbit and in rapidly ascending height, and form a group separated from the others by a short space. The group of three are sutured at the base and moveable. The others on the rostrum are not sutured but are fixed spines in an almost equidistant series. One sub apical spine is separated fro m the others by a space almost one-half the length of the rostrum. Ventrally on the rostrum are 10 to 18 closely spaced and fixed spines progressively mo re separated distally. The integument of the carapace appears to be minutely pitted, although no scales were seen. The antennal spine is very strong and has a low rounded carina. The pterygostomian spine is small. Laterally on the carapace is a low curving ridge extending from
near the orbit to near the posterior edge. Beside and above the ridge in the hepatic region is one oval depression and two others below the ridge. There is also a faint impression of a cervical groove dorsally. The abdomen has no dorsal spines on any of the tergites but the area of muscle attachment dorsally on the second and third segments is deeply indented transversely. The pleura of the fourth and fifth segments are produced posteriorly, each ending in a spine. The sixth segment is not quite twice the length of the fifth and has
a spine ventrolaterally at the posterior end. The telson is slightly (one-tenth) longer than the sixth segment and has two low carinae that bear four pairs of moveable spinules, the first pair of which is separated from the others. The apex is acuminate, with a lateral pair of long spines and a median pair much smaller (less than half the length). The outer edges of the outer branches of the uropods end in a sharp projection in the axil of which is a moveable spine. A fringe of short setae is inside the edge of this branch for its entire length. The first and second pereiopods are about the same length, reaching forward just beyond the series of dorsal spines on the rostrum. The first have microscopic chelae. The second pereiopods are approximately equal to each other in size, length, etc., with 14 to 17 annulations on the carpus and with slender chelae. The third to fifth legs are longer than the first and about equal in length to each other (not quite reaching the tip of the rostrum when stretched forward), but their dactyli are unequal, decreasing in size from the third to the fifth leg. The dactylus of the fifth leg is a little more than one-half the length of the propodus. The pleopods have endopods modified according to sex: in the male the first pleopod is short, wide, and foliacious with a truncate appendix interna tipped with cinncinnuli; in the female it is long and tapering to a point and with many setae. The appendix masculina of the otherwise unmodified second pleopod is slightly longer than the appendix interna in mature males and is tipped with several long setae.
Pelagic (Ref. 105025) but also associated with soft bottoms (Ref. 91175). Preyed upon by fish (Refs. 87648, 105120). Deep-sea pandalids are reported to be active predators on planktonic organisms and/ or scavengers (Ref. 105341).
生命週期和交配行為
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Members of the order Decapoda are mostly gonochoric. Mating behavior: Precopulatory courtship ritual is common (through olfactory and tactile cues); usually indirect sperm transfer.
主要參考資料
參考文獻 | 合作者 | 合作者
Squires, H.J. and J.H. Barragan 1976 A new species of Plesionika (Crustacea, Decapoda, Pandalidae) from the Pacific Coast of Colombia. Pacific Science 30(2):113-117. (參考文獻 91175)
IUCN 瀕危狀態
(參考文獻 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
CITES狀態 (參考文獻 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
對人類具威脅
人類使用
漁業: 商業性
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource | 周邊海洋
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更多資訊
人口動態成長
最大年齡/尺寸
長度重量比
長度關係
長度-頻率
質量轉換
豐度
網路資源
基於模型的估計
釣魚的脆弱性
(參考文獻 71543) |
(0 of 100). |
價格種類
(參考文獻 80766): |
Very high. |
Nutrients
|
Calcium = 109 [35, 184] mg/100g; Iron = 1.59 [1.21, 1.97] mg/100g; Protein = 20.2 [19.2, 21.3] %; Omega3 = 0.285 [0.185, 0.386] g/100g; Selenium = 48.3 [-31.7, 128.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 0 μg/100g; Zinc = 1.79 [1.17, 2.40] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies. |
