Polychaeta |
Phyllodocida |
Phyllodocidae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Benthic; brackish; depth range 0 - 1100 m (Ref. 107168). Tropical
Atlantic Ocean, Indo-Pacific and the Mediterranean Sea.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm Max length : 6.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 7882)
Species' maximum length from the Belgian part of the North Sea (Ref. 7882). Found along near-coastal zones in sandy-muddy substrates (Ref. 2707), as well as in estuaries (Ref. 96352). Often associated with the sand mason, Lanice conchilega (Ref. 7882). They are characterized as hunting carnivores, feeding on any polychaete (Ref. 87179).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Members of the class Polychaeta are mostly gonochoric (sexual). Mating: Females produce a pheromone attracting and signalling the males to shed sperm which in turn stimulates females to shed eggs, this behavior is known as swarming. Gametes are spawned through the metanephridia or body wall rupturing (termed as "epitoky", wherein a pelagic, reproductive individual, "epitoke", is formed from a benthic, nonreproductive individual, "atoke"). After fertilization, most eggs become planktonic; although some are retained in the worm tubes or burrowed in jelly masses attached to the tubes (egg brooders). Life Cycle: Eggs develop into trocophore larva, which later metamorph into juvenile stage (body lengthened), and later develop into adults.
Salazar-Vallejo, S.I. and M.H. Londoño-Mesa. 2004. (Ref. 8159)
IUCN Red List Status
(Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
CITES status (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Human uses
| FishSource |
Tools
More information
Trophic EcologyFood itemsDiet compositionFood consumptionFood rationsPredators Population dynamicsGrowthMax. ages / sizesLength-weight rel.Length-length rel.Length-frequenciesMass conversionRecruitmentAbundance Life cycleReproductionMaturityFecunditySpawningEggsEgg developmentLarvaeLarval dynamics Human RelatedAquaculture profiles
Stamps, coins, misc.
Internet sources
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature
(Ref.
115969): 2.2 - 17.1, mean 7 (based on 1151 cells).
Vulnerability
Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Price category
Unknown.