Polychaeta |
Spionida |
Spionidae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / εύρος βάθους / distribution range
Οικολογία
; εύρος βάθους 5 - 40 m (Αναφ. 125328). Tropical; 81°N - 34°S, 119°E - 42°E
Arctic, Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Mediterranean, Black Sea and Western Indian Ocean. Polar to subtropical.
Length at first maturity / Μέγεθος / Weight / Age
Γεννητική Ωρίμανση: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Found in areas of sludge (Ref. 96352). This species is a suspension feeder (Ref. 96470) and a surface detritivore (Refs. 95728, 95752, 96470). Semi-mobile (Ref. 95752). Tubiculous (Ref. 112705). It is known as Zostera sp. infauna and epifauna, and sand infauna (Ref. 95819). Exhibits tolerance for extreme environmental conditions such as high exposure and low salinity (Ref. 95730).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Γεννητική Ωρίμανση | Αναπαραγωγή | Γεννοβολία | Eggs | Γονιμότητα | Larvae
Members of the class Polychaeta are mostly gonochoric (sexual). Mating: Females produce a pheromone attracting and signalling the males to shed sperm which in turn stimulates females to shed eggs, this behavior is known as swarming. Gametes are spawned through the metanephridia or body wall rupturing (termed as "epitoky", wherein a pelagic, reproductive individual, "epitoke", is formed from a benthic, nonreproductive individual, "atoke"). After fertilization, most eggs become planktonic; although some are retained in the worm tubes or burrowed in jelly masses attached to the tubes (egg brooders). Life Cycle: Eggs develop into trocophore larva, which later metamorph into juvenile stage (body lengthened), and later develop into adults.
Salazar-Vallejo, S.I. 1996. (Αναφ. 7866)
IUCN Red List Status
(Αναφ. 130435: Version 2024-2)
CITES status (Αναφ. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Human uses
| FishSource |
Εργαλεία
Περισσότερες πληροφορίες
Population dynamicsΑύξησηMax. ages / sizesLength-weight rel.Length-length rel.Length-frequenciesMass conversionΣτρατολόγησηΑφθονία Life cycleΑναπαραγωγήΓεννητική ΩρίμανσηΓονιμότηταΓεννοβολίαEggsEgg developmentLarvaeΔυναμική προνυμφών Human RelatedAquaculture profiles
Stamps, coins, misc.
Διαδικτυακές πηγές
Estimates based on models
Price category
Unknown.