Aves |
Ciconiiformes |
Spheniscidae
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Others. Polar
Antarctic.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm Max length : 71.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 8812); max. published weight: 4.5 kg (Ref. 356)
Total population is at least 2,610,000 pairs. Numbers have increased due to population recovery and increase in food supply (Ref. 84934). This is a gregarious species, bold and inquisitive. It is also known to breed in large colonies (Ref. 91362). Pursuit diving (Ref. 356).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturity | Reproduction | Spawning | Eggs | Fecundity | Larvae
Enticott, J. and D. Tipling. 1997. (Ref. 84934)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
CITES status (Ref. 108899)
Not Evaluated
Not Evaluated
Threat to humans
Human uses
| FishSource |
Tools
Internet sources
Estimates based on models
Vulnerability
Moderate to high vulnerability (48 of 100).
Price category
Unknown.